Azharuddin Daphedar and Tarikere C Taranath
The present investigation focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Bridellia stipularis and their effect on mitotic chromosomes of root meristem of Pisum sativum. The phytogenic silver nanoparticles were monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, AFM and HR-TEM analysis. The ultraviolet-visible spectrum shows a prominent peak at λmax=413 nm at pH 10. The size and shape of the AgNPs were found to be 5 to 85 nm and are spherical in nature. This study focuses on assessment of toxic effect of AgNPs on mitotic chromosomes of root meristematic cells of P. sativum (2n=14). P. sativum root cells were treated with four different concentrations 4, 8, 12, 16 μg/ml of the AgNPs solution at the interval of 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours duration. The mitotic index was decreased (55.43 ± 5.69% to 13.99 ± 0.60%) with an increase in the number of various chromosomal aberrations (36.95 ± 3.15%) at higher concentration. It is found that these chromosomal aberrations include chromatid bridge, sticky, diagonal chromosome, c-metaphase, multibridge and micronucleus. The results revealed that the percentage of mitotic index (MI) is inversely proportional and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) are directly proportional to the concentration and duration of exposure. The results were found to be statistically significant at p<0.05. It is evident from the results that AgNPs cause significant inhibition of mitotic index and increased chromosomal abnormalities.
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