జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ మెటీరియల్ సైన్సెస్ & ఇంజనీరింగ్

Glycerol Carbonylation with CO₂ to Producing the Glycerol Carbonate over Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Catalyst and the Influence of Both the Calcination Temperature of the Catalyst and the Reaction Parameters

Abstract

AL-Kurdhani JMH, Huajun Wang and Elrasheed Elhaj

Four types of metal oxide nanoparticle catalysts (La₂O₃, NiO, CuO, and Co₃O₄) are prepared by precipitation method and used for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate from the direct carbonylation of glycerol and carbon dioxide in the presence of dehydrating agent and solvent. The effects of calcination temperatures, dehydrating agents, and reaction parameters on the conversion of glycerol and yield of glycerol carbonate are investigated. XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET, CO₂-TPD, H₂-TPR and ICP-MS are used for the characterization of the prepared catalysts. It is found that the efficient catalyst for the carbonylation of glycerol should have not only large amount of basic sites and surface area, but also high redox ability and oxygen vacancy. CuO with calcination at 400°C exhibits higher catalytic activity and the best dehydrating agent is 2-Cyanopyridine. The active site of CuO catalyst may be crystal face (111). Under condition of 150°C, 4 MPa, 5 h, the glycerol carbonate yield can reach about 40%. The catalyst can be reused five times with little loss of activity and can be easily regenerated by calcination at 400°C.