జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ అడ్వాన్స్‌డ్ ప్రాక్టీసెస్ ఇన్ నర్సింగ్

Introduction: Nurses are the first line of defense of all health care systems. It is profession of care, providing care to others, caring includes understanding and connecting with others and it is exhibited when a nurse holds onto the professional nursing values. Nurses play an important role in the health care set up to provide a quality care to the patients and acknowledged to play a vital role in health organizations.

Objective: Detecting the causes of occupational stress among nurses and revealing the best interventions and coping strategies of stress that found to be helpful for nurses are the main aims of this study.

• To assess the stress level of Nurses in FMH.

• To identify the Factors of Stress in Nurses of FMH.

• To assess the Coping Style of Stress in Nurses of FMH.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017 on Nurses of Fatima memorial hospitals Lahore. A total of 133 Nurses were selected. Data was collected on a self-developed closed ended questionnaire. Responses were analyzed on Statistical Package of social Sciences using descriptive statistics.

Results: In reference of the Table 1 in socio-demographic characteristics, majority of the participants were female 121 out of 133 (91%) and unmarried were more than married 76 out of 133 (57.1%). Majority of the participants 61(45.9%) were in the age of 26-30 years and second majority of the participants 48 (36%) were in the age of 20-25 years.

Related to the professional qualification, majority of participants were Nursing Diploma 78 out 133(59%) and Generic BSN participants were 12 out of 133(9.0%) and the Post RN participants were 43 out of 133(32.3%). According to designation data revealed 116(87.2%) participants were charge nurses and 11(8.3%) participants were head nurses and only 6(4.5%) were team leaders.

The Table 2 presents that 28(21.7%) participants are in high stress and 11.5% no stress due to time pressure and 22 (16.5%) participants in high stress and 16(12%) no stress due to time pressure. 26(19.5%) participants no stress due to family safety. 38 (28.6%) participants very low stress due to caring for others. 41 (31%) low stress due to financial situation. 33(25%) moderate stress due to physical problem. 9(6.8%) participants in extreme stress due to own work situation.

The Table 3 revealed the factors of stress as 6(4.5%) stress strongly disagree due to high rates of death, seniors not helpful, too many patients at the same time and conflicts with colleagues. 30(23%) disagree, due to seniors’ not being helpful. 47(35.3%) neutral for all factors. 53(40%) agree due to job require to learn new things. 45(34%) strongly agree due to job require a high level of skills.

The Table 4 data revealed as: 54(40%) participants agree with the coping style of stress mention in the table. 33(25%) out of 133 strongly agree, with sleeping more than usual. 33(25%) disagree, coping stress by medication. 50 (38%) neutral by eating more usual. 21(16%) strongly disagree by medication.

Conclusion: The consequence of stress is not only affecting work performance, but also its effects on the individual’s physical and psychological health. Levels of health problem that can occur when stress is prolonged or cannot be avoided. For instance, experiencing physical and mental symptoms, it is starting from a headache, backache, feeling mentally fatigued at the end of the day, frustrated, tense or angry, developing to chronic illness like cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, colitis, depression and/or anxiety.

The nursing profession has been known as a stressful profession that influences the quality of health care delivery and patient safety. In nursing, occupational stress such as workload and organizational factors including leadership are the major factors of causing stress among nurses.

Stress is described by a susceptibility to numerous chronic health complications. As per key inhibition efforts are directed to promotion of health by reassuring patients for adapting healthy lifestyles. The design adopted for this study was quasi experimental pre-test and post- test control group design to evaluate the effectiveness of pranayama to reduce stress of nursing students. Practice of yoga techniques is power tool to keep elderly in good psychophysical condition. Pranayama is basically a series of exercises, which aims at bringing more oxygen to blood and to the brain. There was no significant association between the post-test levels of stress among Pranayama is an art and has techniques to make the respiratory organs to expand, intentionally, move, rhythmically which provides a deep relaxation to the body and mind, improves concentration, relieves stress depression, and strengthens the respiratory system nervous system.

Preventive medical care, or prophylaxis, comprises of measures taken for illness prevention. Disease and inability are influenced by ecological components, hereditary inclination, sickness specialists, and way of life decisions, and are dynamic cycles which start before people acknowledge they are influenced. Sickness counteraction depends on expectant activities that can be ordered as primal, primary, auxiliary, and tertiary prevention [1]. Each year, a great many individuals pass on of preventable passing’s. A recent report showed that about portion of all passing’s in the United States in 2000 were because of preventable practices and exposures. Leading causes included cardiovascular illness, persistent respiratory sickness, accidental wounds, diabetes, and certain irresistible diseases.

A nonexclusive medication is a drug that contains the very synthetic substance as a medication that was initially secured by compound licenses. Nonexclusive medications are took into consideration deal after the licenses on the first medications terminate. Since the dynamic synthetic substance is something very similar, the clinical profile of generics is accepted to be identical in performance. A nonexclusive medication has a similar dynamic drug fixing (API) as the first, yet it might vary in certain attributes, for example, the assembling cycle, detailing, excipients, shading, taste, and packaging.

Nursing is a calling inside the medical services area zeroed in on the consideration of people, families, and networks so they may achieve, keep up with, or recuperate ideal wellbeing and personal satisfaction. Attendants might be separated from other medical care suppliers by their way to deal with patient consideration, preparing, and extent of training. Attendants practice in numerous fortes with varying degrees of remedy authority. Attendants include the biggest part of most medical services environments; but there is proof of global deficiencies of qualified nurses. Many attendants give care inside the requesting extent of doctors, and this conventional job has molded the public picture of attendants as care suppliers. Medical caretaker experts are notwithstanding allowed by most purviews to rehearse autonomously in an assortment of settings

Background: The society must routinely practice precautionary measures and precautions to control the spread of Coronavirus, as no vaccines and antiviral treatments are currently available. This study examines non-teaching faculties knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to COVID-19, their relationships and identified the pandemics vulnerable population inorder to provide recommendations for policies and behavioural interventions. Materials and methods: A total of 90 non-teaching staff from a private dental institution participated in this study. A self-administered, 12 item questionnaire was circulated among the non-teaching staff. Only completely filled forms were taken into account for analysis by using SPSS software version 23 with Pearson Chi square test method. Results: The final analysis was done using responses from 89 non-teaching faculties. On the whole, knowledge regarding COVID-19 was found to be moderate among these no-teaching staff. Conclusion: This study shows a baseline knowledge regarding this pandemic. Even though the participants had fair knowledge, their attitude towards answering the questions was good.

The expansion of psychoactive drug consumption, especially alcohol, has reached women in their fertile age, causing various medical and social challenges in the relation between drug use and mother-child health is associated with many adverse health outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, perception and beliefs of pregnant women on the effect of psychoactive substance use, and to identify the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and reasons why pregnant women use psychoactive substances during pregnancy. This was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out in five (5) government owned health facilities in Owo Local Government Area. Multistage sampling was used in selecting 378 pregnant women. The instrument used for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire with a Pearson’s Product Moment Coefficient of 0.91 reliability done through test-retest of the instrument. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and illustrated using bar charts and frequency tables. The mean age of the respondents was 35.1 ± 12.12 years. Most of the respondents (68%) were aware of the problems associated with the use of psychoactive substances. The most frequently cited consequences of psychoactive substance use were mental disorders or learning disabilities (38.5%), baby addicted/experiences withdrawal (33.5%), miscarriage or premature birth (28.0%), low birth weight and growth problems (25.7%). Majority of the women were of the opinion that taking alcohol and other psychoactive substances is harmful to their health and their baby's health, all psychoactive substances are harmful during pregnancy and that drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to lifelong disabilities in a child. However, many of the women believed that use of some substances enabled them to sleep better during pregnancy, helps to relieve nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy and that taking some substances will help their baby. The most common reasons why women use psychoactive substances mentioned by the respondents were ignorance about the outcome (93.7%), stress (82.5%), husbands’ influence (79.6%), addiction (76.2%), and participating in celebrations or social gatherings (73.5%). There was a significant relationship between level of education and usage of psychoactive substances. In conclusion, the level of psychoactive substance use is high in the study population, perhaps fueled by ignorance, stress, husband’s influence, addiction and participating in celebrations or social gatherings. There is a need for the introduction of drug abuse prevention and intervention strategies into maternal and child health services.

To assess the level of knowledge of protein energy malnutrition among mothers of under five children and associate the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition among mothers of under five children with their selected demographic variables. An extensive review of literature for the study was done which helped the investigator identify, select, critically analyze and report on existing information of the problem selected for the study and design the methodology tool for data collection. The research approach was quantitative and the research design adopted was descriptive research design. The researcher used convenient sampling technique and selected 30 mothers of under five children for the study. The researcher used standardized tool: the mother’s knowledge of protein energy malnutrition, which consisted of 10 demographic variables and 15 questions for assessing the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition. Regarding the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition, (23.3%) mothers had inadequate knowledge, 14 (46.7%) mothers had moderate knowledge and 9 (30%) mothers had adequate knowledge. Considering the association of level of knowledge of the mothers with the demographic variables, mother’s education showed significant association (X2=9.8), type of family showed significant association (X2=3.18). Hence the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition among mothers of under five children can be enhanced through compassion, competence, conscience, confidence, and commitment among instructors working in the clinical area.