క్యాన్సర్ సైన్స్ & థెరపీ

Background and aims: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human infections, which colonizes more than half of the world’s population. This causes chronic stomach inflammation diseases without clinical syndromes, gastric and duodenal ulcer, and stomach cancer. Nowadays, the use of probiotics has received much consideration as one of the common therapeutic methods, which prevents bacterial colonization by creating a balance in the microbial gastrointestinal tract.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 30 rats in five groups from August 2016 to June 2017 in the Microbiology and Animal Laboratory of Shahrekord University. First, the rats were infected with H. pylori bacteria. PCR method was used to confirm the presence of bacteria in the stomach to ensure that the rats were inoculated with H. pylori. After inoculation, the infected rats were treated with probiotic product, and then gastric tissue of the infected group was evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin stain.
Results: The absence of Cag A and Ure C genes in fecal specimens of the group receiving probiotic products before and after H. pylori incubation showed a positive effect for this product on the prevention and treatment of H. pylori infection. Also, in stomach histology specimens, the effects of mild inflammation were observed in treated group with the probiotic product before and after H. pylori inoculation compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the addition of probiotic to a non-dairy product (broad bean extract) can be effective in preventing and treating H. pylori infection in the animal model.

Objective: Zoledronic acid (ZA) is highly effective in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with bone metastases. It is one of bone modifying agents (BMAs) that has been shown to exert not only inhibiting the activation of osteoclasts but also preventing the tumor cell growth, invasion and migration in some cancers. Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9) is a key regulator of tumor aggressiveness including invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), dedifferentiation and resistance to chemo-drugs. However, research into a biological mechanism in the inhibitory effects of ZA on prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis is still limited. In this study, we examined its effects on tumor cell invasion and EMT via the ubiquitin-proteasomal system for NEDD9 in PC-3 cells.
Methods: We assessed the expression of NEDD9 and its down-stream molecules associated with EMT in PC-3 cells exposure to ZA under the condition with/without TGF-β. By a boyden chamber assay, the suppressive effect of ZA on PC-3 cell invasion triggered by TGF-β was measured. We measured the expression levels of NEDD9 in PC-3 cells exposure to a proteasome inhibitor, MG132. In addition, we detected the effect of ZA on ubiquitinated NEDD9 using an immunoprecipitation method.
Results: ZA markedly inhibited the expression of NEDD9 and its down-stream EMT molecules. Both the invasion and expression of EMT markers of PC-3 cells triggered by TGF-β were significantly suppressed by the exposure to ZA. The exposure to MG132 inhibited the degradation of NEDD9 in PC-3 cells. The further add-on of ZA enhanced the polyubiquitination of NEDD9 in PC-3 cells.
Conclusion: The results from a current study indicate that ZA inhibited the invasion and expression of NEDD9 and its EMT markers, along with the enhanced degradation of ubiquitinated NEDD9 in PC-3 cells.

This research aims to identify the effect of Social Support (SS) intervention on the increase in the level of self-esteem and a decrease in the level of depression among cancer patients in Medan, Indonesia. The research that carried out is quantitative study. The quantitative study is applied to know the self-esteem scoring by Self- Esteem Rosenberg scale (RSE) and to know the depression score using Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI). A quantitative analysis uses to know the interaction between intervention toward self-esteem and depression in groups. The groups consist of two groups: 10 people in SS group and eight people in Control group. T-test dependent results showed that the Self Esteem Rosenberg scale (RSE), on average, post-test score show greater self-esteem than pre-test score. Negative t value indicates that the average self-esteem of participants is lower than their self-esteem after obtaining social support interventions. This study shows that social support interventions significantly influence cancer patients to improve self-esteem and lower levels of depression. Although both have a significant influence to cancer patients, it turns out in this study social support interventions are much more effective in reducing levels of depression than by raising the self-esteem of participants.

Plants extract from Murraya koenigii was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using silver nitrate solution. Ag NPs were characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The formation of stable silver nanoparticles reduced to the colloidal solution are observed by UV–vis spectrophotometer analysis. SEM determination of the brown coloured samples with well dispersed nanoparticles seen after treatment with silver nitrate showed the presence of silver nanoparticle whereas the EDX analysis performed is to confirm the presence of silver molecules in the sample and FTIR measurement carried out identifies the biomolecules present in M. koenigii leaf responsible for capping leading to efficient stabilization of the silver nanoparticles. The anticancer potential of the nanoparticles was evaluated using MTT assay on HT-29 colon cancer cell line. Ag NPs showed potent cytotoxic activity against the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell line at higher concentrations. This study insights the M. koenigii synthesized silver NP’s could be an effective applicability drug candidate for colon cancer.