జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ లేజర్స్, ఆప్టిక్స్ & ఫోటోనిక్స్

Polymer is made by anchoring the ends of polymer chains to a surface, which results in a variety of shapes. The monomer species can alter the functional groups of polymer brushes arbitrarily during polymerization to tailor the physicochemical characteristics or functionalization of biomolecules. To immobilise bio macromolecules, functional groups such as carboxyl acid, primary amino, epoxy, and hydroxyl groups can be attached on the chains of polymer brushes. Polymer flexibility allows them to be surface modified for a variety of uses, including biological detection, cell affinity substrate and bacterial resistance. Polymer brushes are used to immobilise bio macromolecules on surfaces.