న్యూరోలాజికల్ డిజార్డర్స్

Objective: Suggesting an approach to determine the rate of change of brain’s frequency (ROCOF).

Background: Reaction time (RT) is mostly well estimated in any driving simulator, especially the visual reaction time. However, an appropriate representation of RT in a driving simulator can help determine the changes in brain’s frequency.

Method: We propose, use a driving simulator which can efficiently measure and record the participant’s reaction times for the rapidly successive tasks in a simulator. A reciprocal presentation of each RT can be used as the brain’s frequency for performing that task. Using this concept, a simulator software can calculate the brain’s frequencies for all the tasks. While it’s graphical representation over time can yield time frequency distribution (TFD).

Results: Analysis of this time frequency representation (TDR) of RT may help to study the pattern of brain activity and to derive ROCOF, which can be used to classify the drivers.

Head trauma due to falls is often seen in children; however, Penetrating Brain Injury (PBI), the most life threatening condition of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), is exceedingly rare. Herein, we report and discuss the challenges encountered in the surgical and postoperative management of a 13 year old child patient with PBI by a pickaxe who was admitted to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 3 and who not only survived but also achieved a good Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) after one year of postoperative follow up. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pickaxe induced brain injury on the American continent and the youngest survivor of this trauma reported in the literature.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of using hydroxyapatite (HAP) measurement based on the material decomposition in dual-energy spectral CT imaging to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: 247 patients (aged 16 to 97 years, 156 males and 91 females) who underwent both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced (arterial, venous and delayed) phase abdominal dual-energy spectral CT were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into four groups according to their ages: group A (<30 years, n=40), group B (30-49 years, n=90), group C (50-69 years, n=73) and group D (≥70 years, n=44). HAP densities of trabecular bone of the third lumbar vertebrae in four phases were measured on the HAP material decomposition images using HAP-Iodine as the basis material pair and recorded. HAP as function of age was established and measurements in four phases were statistically compared using that in unenhanced phase as the reference standard.

Results: No statistical difference was found in HAP value among different imaging phases (P>0.05). The HAP value was positively correlated with age in group A (r=0.393, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with age in groups B, C and D (r=-0.298, -0.361, -0.361, P<0.05), and overall high negative correlation with age for patients ≥30years (r=-0.775, P<0.05).

Conclusion: The HAP measurement is not affected by contrast agent and stable in different imaging phases in dual-energy spectral CT, enabling a phaseindependent HAP measurement. HAP has correlation with age which may be used to reflect the change of vertebral BMD, providing a reference for evaluating BMD according to the linear regression equation.

Purpose: Fatigue or stress in the workplace is a serious problem. The purpose of this study is, in order to understand characteristics of fatigue and stress, to assess the correlation between the physiological and psychological fatigue of healthy nurses during normal work.

Methods: 51 healthy nurses and 24 controls were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated two groups: the new nursing worker (NNW) group with less than 3 years of working (n=25) and the expert nursing workers (ENW) group with more than 3 years of working (n=26). We examined nurses’ physiology: Acceleration Plethysmography (APG) and Blood Pressure (BP) and psychology: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Mood Inventory Scale (MIS) before and after a normal workday.

Results: The VAS increased significantly, in all groups. In the NNW group, we observed that LF/HF ratio, Low frequency (LF), and BP increased significantly as compared to ENW group and the controls. In the ENW group, HF decreased slightly and DBP decreased significantly. The autonomic activity correlated significantly with the MIS for all nurses.

Conclusion: Nursing workers were characterized by increased sympathetic components in the NNW group and decreased parasympathetic components in the ENW group. These findings may help nurses and other workers reduce fatigue, cope with stress, and prevent illness. Physiological indicators may provide an objective assessment of nurse fatigue, and the MIS test may alternative for physiological tests to detect fatigue more quickly and easily. We hope this study will contribute towards addressing the issues related to workers’ mental health in the workplace.

Pathophysiology of peripheral vasculo neuritis are due to narrowing of capillaries and small vessels leads to reduction of blood flow to the feet and nerve fibres. Ultimately skin devoid of enough blood supply and peripheral nerves gets damaged resulting in foot ulcer, numbness, unawareness of slipper and burning sensation that leads to severe stress. Resulting in insulin resistance and become uncontrolled diabetes. Inspite of different modules of approach to treat stress and neuritis by means of pharmacological, diet and exercise but all in vain. This study analysed, effect of Smart Noval Vibration Footwear (based on foot reflexology) to improve the foot sensitivity, Blood flow and stress modulation in type 2 diabetes. The study includes both control and diabetic patients (35 male and 15 female) selected to participate for a month, pt advised to walk with vibrating slipper for 30 minutes daily for a month. All signs of pre and post study reveal blood flow to the skin, neurological sign and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy was significantly relieved/reversed back to normal within a month. Apart from this the Mental Stress relieved. Patient feels well-being, and blood sugar level comes down dramatically. All diabetic and control people also feel pleasure and get good sleep by wearing this noval slipper.