Shashwat Katiyar
An investigation has been made to ascertain the effect of tannery effluent associated with seasonal variation on river water samples collected from confluence point, upstream and downstream located near Jajmau area at Kanpur. All the samples analyzed for physico-chemical parameters including estimation of chromium. The pH at confluence point (Q) was significant (P<0.05) alkaline (7.9±0.13) during summer as compared to upstream point P3 due to dumping of untreated tanneries effluent, which suggested that utilization of salts for leather tanning process. Study shows that a significant (P<0.05) decrease in DO values (3.79±0.101 mg/L) at summer, although the higher level of
DO (6.76±0.13) during monsoon season might be attributed to the dilution of the effluent by rain water. The level of BOD (41.07±1.268 mg/L) shows a significant (P<0.05) increase at confluence point during as compared to upstream point (P3) during summer. Although the level of COD at different sampling points affected with seasonal variation but it was not significant. However this study also revealed a significant negative correlation showing that as BOD and COD increases in values DO decreases with correlation of r = -0.944 (t= 6.978, P<0.05 for BOD) and r = -0.970 (t= 9.696, P<0.05 for COD). These correlation between BOD, COD and DO suggest a similar cause. The correlation analysis of TDS versus BOD and COD gives a positive correlation (r =0.9408 & r =0.8667 respectively) showing that as TDS increase BOD and COD also increases. Theses correlation analysis shows that levels of TDS, BOD and COD are highly correlated with each other in sampling area during different seasonal variation. Chromium levels were high (52.12±15.52 mg/L) in almost all sampling points with seasonal variation, thus tanneries effluent with seasonal variation showed highly adverse effect on river Ganga.
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