జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ మెటబాలిక్ సిండ్రోమ్

Diabetes Mellitus is a global epidemic, with 500 million people suffering globally in 2013. Patients cannot successfully manage their diabetic symptoms due to the lack of quality improvement (QI) of diabetic selfmanagement education (DSME). In 2013, this number was 3 to 5 times higher in First Nations populations.The objective of this research is to facilitate better QI and DSME in Indigenous populations across the globe by creating a free, accredited course. This course will educate sustainable health promotion techniques needed for monitoring sugars, mental illness, treating common complications, medication management, and physical and nutritional therapy, to only name a few. Research on the succession will be analysed in a Public Health practice-based research network (PBRNs) method with surveys, interviews, and statistical analysis on short-/long-term effectiveness from baseline tests. These will include: heart rate, blood pressure, mental health, medication, blood sugar levels >3 months, hyper-/hypo-glycaemia, blood circulation, ankle brachial pressure test scores, kidney function, and macrovascular, retinopathy, dermatology and nerve damage complications. These tests will be completed in a small group of remote Indigenous communities in Quebec, Canada. It is hypothesized that this will improve public health efforts of patient selfmanagement of diabetes and its associated symptoms. With this free, accredited, accessible online course to prepare health practitioners in DSME, better glycaemic control, less hospital visits, decreased retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy is expected. Diabetes is a growing problem worldwide where its incidence and prevalence are increasing at an alarming rate. Its association with several comorbidities is common, making patients more susceptible to drug related problems (DRP). As a consequence, DRPs may affect patients quality of life (QoL) and may increase their morbidity and mortality risk. The objective of this study was to assess QoL and the impact of DRPs on it. A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2D patients who were attending a tertiary care teaching hospital, Lebanon. Data was collected from medical files and patient interview. The identification DRPs were based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe tool version 8.03. The QoL was assessed using Health Related Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Statement of the Problem: Pteris vittata L., a common fern known as ‘Chinese Brake Fern’, is native from China and widespread all over the world including Vietnam. It received much attentions in recent years because it was known to be a hyperaccumulator plant of arsenic used in phytoremediation. It is also widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for diverse therapeutic applications, such as the treatment of influenza, dysentery, rheumatism, injury and scabies. Previous qualitative phytochemical screening studies on P. vittata have showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, resins, glycosides and triterpenoids groups in the crude extract of this species. However, it still attracts little attention on its chemical constituents or bioactivities recently. Hence, we attempt to obtain complete metabolite profiling of P. vittata to provide more information about its chemical constituents in this experiment. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Widely targeted metabolomics which is an innovative high-throughput analysis to extend plant metabolites detection based on the optimal single reaction monitoring conditions in triple quadrupole mass spectrometry of thousands authentic compounds in the library, and thus to relative quantify their levels in samples. This sensitive method was applied for 35 root extracts and 35 aerial part methanolic extracts of P.vittata. Findings: In total, 396 metabolites were identified over the limit of detection including 263 primary metabolites and 133 secondary metabolites. Noticeably, the large amount of flavonoids (74), cinnamic acids and derivatives (13), benzoic acids and derivatives (8), coumarins (5), stilbenoids (2), and other phenols (8) change radically our view of this title plant metabolite profile and potentially contributes to the pharmacological activity of P. vittata extracts. Conclusion & Significance: Metabolite profiles of P. vittata which has been reported for the first time can provide comprehensive information for the quality evaluation and further exploitation potential of the plants under study.

Hydroponics consists of production of plants through the supply of required nutrients for their growth and development in the appropriate proportions and under controlled conditions, allowing the nutrients variation directly related to the production and metabolic composition. Recently metabolomics is used for the analysis of quality and searching of useful compounds in food and pharmaceutical industry. Metabolic profiling (metabolomics/metabonomics) is the measurement in biological systems of the complement of low-molecular-weight metabolites and their intermediates that reflects the dynamic response to genetic modification and physiological, pathophysiological, and/or developmental stimuli. Medicinal Plant are also known as functional foods due to its high content in secondary metabolites with important medicinal properties can be considered in the treatment of diseases. These compounds include the flavonoids and the isotiocyanates, the latter are synthesized as product of glucosinolates hydrolysis. Peppermint is an aromatic plant with high benefit due to its phytochemical content, so studying its metabolic production in hydroponic systems comprises great interest and applicability. The main objective was therefore to analyze the variation of volatile compound profiles (obtained from supercritical fluid extraction) for mint leaves in hydroponics growing. This research was conducted to design and construct six hydroponic system, they were divided into three systems with standard nutrient solution and other three with nutrient solution + foliar salicylic acid (2 mM). As results, particular changes were found in the profiles of mint-derived volatile metabolites. These changes were mediated by the selective occurrence and/or content of some monoterpenes such as L-menthone, pulegone, and terpenes such as menthol. The profiling of volatile metabolites could be an excellent tool to evaluate the mint quality in hydroponics growing. This work was supported by Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones at UMNG Project INV-CIAS-2542.

Diabetes is a growing problem worldwide where its incidence and prevalence are increasing at an alarming rate. Its association with several comorbidities is common, making patients more susceptible to drug related problems (DRP). As a consequence, DRPs may affect patients quality of life (QoL) and may increase their morbidity and mortality risk. The objective of this study was to assess QoL and the impact of DRPs on it. A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2D patients who were attending a tertiary care teaching hospital, Lebanon. Data was collected from medical files and patient interview. The identification DRPs were based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe tool version 8.03. The QoL was assessed using Health Related Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. The total number of DRP was 313 with a mean of 2.05±1.03 per patient. The most common DRPs encountered were adverse drug event (31.3%), untreated symptoms or indication (10.54%), effect of drug treatment not optimal (7.34%) and high drug dose (7.34%). The average QoL was 40 ± 9.900. Linear regression showed that problems ”effect of drug treatment not optimal, untreated indication, adverse drug event and Patient uses unnecessary drug” were associated with poor QoL score, while “Incomplete drug treatment was associated with better score. Proper therapy management is necessary to prevent progression and occurrence of DRPs, for a better QoL in diabetes patients. Diabetic patients usually have co-morbidities requiring the use of multiple medications, making them more vulnerable in experiencing drug related problems (DRPs). The objective of this study was to asses DRP in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and factors associated with its occurrence. A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2D patients who were attending a tertiary care teaching hospital, Lebanon. The identification and assessment of DRPs were based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe tool version 8.03. The total number of DRP was 313 with a mean of 2.05 _ 1.03 per patient. The most common DRPs encountered were adverse drug event (31.3%), untreated symptoms or indication (10.54%), effect of drug treatment not optimal (7.34%) and high drug dose (7.34%). Logistic regression showed that polypharmacy and several comorbidities such as stroke, heart failure, renal and liver impairment were common factors significantly associated with different types of DRPs (p<0.005).

Statement of the Problem: The repeated administration of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory meloxicam damages kidneys in cats. Serum creatinine and symmetric dimethylarginine are used to detect and monitor changes in kidney function. However, these biomarkers do not detect alterations in kidney function earlier than 10 days after the onset of kidney damage. Early detection of meloxicam-induced kidney damage would provide the best chances of maximizing the clinical use of this drug in cats. Unfortunately, biomarkers for detecting early NSAIDinduced kidney damage in cats are yet to be discovered. The purpose of this study is to identify biomarker candidates for detecting early renal changes within 4 days after starting the repeated administration of meloxicam. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Cats (n=12) were treated subcutaneously with either saline solution or a labeled dose of meloxicam every 24 h for up to 4 days to induce acute kidney injury. The plasma and urine metabolome and lipidome were determined before and after the administration of the treatments by LC- and GC-MS/MS. Findings: The repeated administration of meloxicam altered the feline plasma and urine metabolome and lipidome as demonstrated by multivariate analysis. By using random forest and receiving operating characteristic analyses, we identified 24 compounds in plasma and urine that could serve as biomarker candidates for discriminating meloxicam-treated from saline-treated cats. In addition, we identified 23 biomarker candidates using the group of meloxicam-treated cats as its own control. Notably, phenylethylamine, nicotinic acid, and oxalic acid were common biomarker candidates observed between and within groups. Conclusion & Significance: This is the first report on the identification of lipidomic and metabolomic changes in urine and plasma induced by the repeated administration of meloxicam to healthy young-adult cats. Early diagnosis of kidney diseases will facilitate effective inter-ventions that may slow down the progression of kidney disease.